The United Republic of Tanzania
Ministry of Agriculture

TANZANIA AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Horticultural crops

In Tanzania, regions with suitable conditions for vegetable cultivation are situated in the areas of Morogoro, Tanga, Iringa, Moshi, Arusha, and Mbeya. The farms in the coastal zone are relatively small and not sufficient for supplying Dar es Salaam. In the lake zone, a lot of tropical fruits are grown and exported to neighbouring countries. The highlands are the best suited for vegetable production due to the varied climatic conditions, reliable and well-distributed rainfall possibilities for irrigation, and the presence of relatively good roads for distribution.

  1. Amaranthus In Tanzania, the major amaranthus producer regions are the Morogoro, Arusha, Iringa, Dodoma, Dar es Salaam, and Mwanza.  While minor producer areas are Ruvuma, Tabora, Mbeya, and Kagera. The crop can grow in an area with 2400 m.a.s.l. Grain amaranth has been used for food by humans in several ways. The most common usage is to grind the grain into flour for use in breads, porridge, noodles, pancakes, cookies, or other flour-based products. Moreover, the grain can be popped like popcorn or flaked like oatmeal. The amaranth leaves, stem and head are high in protein (15-24% on a dry matter basis).  The grain has 12 to 17% protein and is high in lysine, and an essential amino acid. Moreover, the grain is high in fiber and low in saturated fats, factors which contribute to its use by the health food market. Furthermore, the plants can be used as ornamental for beautification of our environment and recreational areas.
  2. Banana (Musa paradisiaca L) In Tanzania, Banana is crop is the fourth most important crop for food and income generation for more than 30 percent of the total population. In East Africa, Tanzania is the second banana producer after Uganda. The country has the highest world consumption rate between 280-500 kg per person. Banana production in Tanzania is faced with many challenges including major pests (weevil and nematode) and diseases (fusarium wilt disease, black sigatoka, and banana xanthomonas wilt disease), poor soil fertility, moisture stress, poor management practices, lack of improved banana varieties and many social economic factors.
  3. Grape The grape grows best in the Mediterranean-type of climate with long relatively dry summers and mild winters. Worldwide, Grape is mainly meant for wine production, however, a certain portion is dried into raisins and a major part is marketed as fresh fruit, making table grapes one of the world’s prominent fresh fruit crops. According to FAO (2010), approximately 71 per cent of the world's grapes production is used for wine, 27 per cent as fresh fruits and 2 per cent as raisins (dried fruit).